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在 AWS Auto Scaling Group 中替换 Instance

在 AWS Auto Scaling Group 中替换 Instance

这两周的任务是实现 AWSAuto Scaling 功能。多亏有了 Boto, 很快就实现了创建 Auto Scaling Group 和添加 Scaling Policy。但是有一个问题却花费了一些时间才顺利解决。

我们的团队每周四发布新的代码。为了确保服务不中断,更新代码的步骤如下:

  1. 创建并配置(下载新发布的代码)多个新的 Instance;
  2. 依次关闭旧的 Instance,每关闭一个 Instance,就激活(运行代码)一个新的 Instance 来替代被关闭的 Instance。

这样可以保证在 AWS 上运行的 Instance 依次得到更新,并且服务没有中断。

现在的问题是:使用了 Auto Scaling 之后,每次尝试改变 Auto Scaling Group 当中的 Instance 数目,都会激发 Scaling Policy。比如我想关闭一个旧的 Instance,这样 Auto Scaling Group 当中 Instance 的数量就会小于 Desired Capacity,Auto Scaling Group 就会新创建一个 Instance, 而不是等我激活一个 Instance 去替代。

我想到的办法步骤如下:

  1. 将 Auto Scaling Group 挂起(避免激发 Scaling Policy);
  2. 按照以前的方法替换旧的 Instance;
  3. 将新创建的 Instance 添加到 Auto Scaling Group。

因为 AWS Auto Scaling 的特性(比如 Auto Scaling Group 被挂起的时候不能够添加 Instance,desired_capacity 不能小于 min_size),实现第三步并不容易。具体来说第三步又要分成下面几个步骤:

  1. 将 Auto Scaling Group 的 desired_capacitymin_size 分别置为 0(防止恢复 Auto Scaling Group 的时候自动创建 Instance);
  2. 恢复 Auto Scaling Group(结束挂起状态,然后才可以添加 Instance);
  3. 添加 Instance 到 Auto Scaling Group 里;
  4. 恢复 Auto Scaling Group 的 min_size

下面提供一份示例代码以供参考:

#!python
import sys
import time

from boto.ec2.autoscale import AutoScaleConnection
from boto.ec2.connection import EC2Connection

AUTO_SCALING_GROUP = "test_auto_scaling_group"
NEW_INSTANCES = ["i-4acb0666", "i-4acbqa9"]
CHECK_INTERVAL = 5


def suspend(as_conn):
    """
    Suspend auto scaling group
    """
    as_conn.suspend_processes(AUTO_SCALING_GROUP)
    print "Suspend Done\n"


def resume(as_conn):
    """
    Resume auto scaling group
    """
    as_conn.resume_processes(AUTO_SCALING_GROUP)
    print "Resume Done\n"


def get_instance_by_id(ec2conn, inst_id):
    """
    Get instance by its id
    """
    ...
    pass

def deactivate_instance(inst):
    """
    Deactivate instance
    """
    ...
    pass


def delete_instances(as_conn, ec2conn):
    """
    Delete instances in auto scaling group
    """
    as_group = as_conn.get_all_groups(names=[AUTO_SCALING_GROUP])[0]
    instances = [get_instance_by_id(ec2conn, i.instance_id) for i in as_group.instances]
    for instance in instances:
        if instance.state != "terminated":
            print "*** Terminate Instance %s" % instance.id
            deactivate_instance(instance)
    # All instances should be terminated
    while any([inst.update() != "terminated" for inst in instances]):
        sys.stdout.write(".")
        sys.stdout.flush()
        time.sleep(CHECK_INTERVAL)
    print ".\nDelete Done\n"


def attach_instances(as_conn):
    """
    Attach instances into auto scaling group
    """
    while True and NEW_INSTANCES:
        as_group = as_conn.get_all_groups(names=[AUTO_SCALING_GROUP])[0]
        if len(as_group.instances) == 0:
            as_conn.attach_instances(AUTO_SCALING_GROUP, NEW_INSTANCES)
            print "Attach Done\n"
            return
        else:
            print "There are instances still in the group"
            time.sleep(CHECK_INTERVAL)


def set_capacity(as_conn):
    """
    Set desired capacity and minimum size as 0
    """
    as_group = as_conn.get_all_groups(names=[AUTO_SCALING_GROUP])[0]
    as_group.min_size = 0
    as_group.desired_capacity = 0
    as_group.update()
    print "Set Capacity Done\n"


def resume_capacity(as_conn):
    """
    Resume minimum size as the original value
    """
    as_group = as_conn.get_all_groups(names=[AUTO_SCALING_GROUP])[0]
    setattr(as_group, "min_size", 1)
    as_group.update()
    print "Resume Capacity Done\n"


def main():
    as_conn = AutoScaleConnection()
    ec2conn = EC2Connection()

    print "Suspend Auto Scaling Group"
    suspend(as_conn)

    print "Delete Instances"
    delete_instances(as_conn, ec2conn)

    print "Set Capacity"
    set_capacity(as_conn)

    print "Resume Auto Scaling Group"
    resume(as_conn)

    print "Attach Instances"
    attach_instances(as_conn)

    print "Resume Capacity"
    resume_capacity(as_conn)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()